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Shipping To And From Russia
Russia is not only the largest country in the world, it is also, from an international transport point of view,
the least accessible in many ways.
the United States, has ports on three side of the country, whilst the United Kingdom & Japan, is surrounded by ports, with nowhere more than 150 km from one or more. Even Germany, with its short coast, has the long finger of the Rhine, which enables barges to reach far inland, together with easy acces to Rotterdam.
Poor old Russia, has to make do with just having ports at the corners of the country, & with most of those suffereing from one disadvantage or another. The southern border is blocked by chains of mountains, whilst to the west, western europe mainland prevents access to the sea. The eastern seaboard is far removed from mainstream activity, and the northern coast, apart from the gulfstream-protected White Sea & its principal port of Archangelsk, is ice- bound for most of the year. The main points of access, are the Black Sea & the Baltic Sea, & they are situated far from the main sea lanes. It is no wonder, therefore, that Russia always coveted a warm water port of its own, on the Arabian Gulf or the Indian Ocean To make matters worse, ports which once were part of the Soviet Union, or had Comecon connections, such as Riga, Tallin, Odessa, Gdynia, Constanza etc, are now under different control In addition, Russian ports were designed for an international trade of commodities & project cargoes, & not the supplies & consumer goods which dominate so much of modern international trade. This can best be seen, by the lack in Russia, of a part load/consolidation network. Full loads present little problem, but although one can get a 500 kg machine from London to Moscow in 7 days on a trailer consolidation service, it can then onlybe transported to Siberia by being placed in its own railway container.
This article, concentrates on truck & trailer movement but, looking briefly at the alternatives first:
Conventional Seafreight
In recent years, the ports of the Baltic & Black Seas, have made great improvements in their ability to handle the wide range of internationally traded goods & commodities, and development of such ports as Novorossiysk continue this development. The exploitation of the oil & gas fields demand this urgently.
Rail The lifeline of Russian internal transport, & for much of the country, the only method of long distance transport.True, there is a need for investment (the pricing structure needs examining upwards & transit is slow), but once the container has been placed on the railwagon (no easy task from a documentary point of view), a delivery date can be assured. There is a reporting system which confirms the exact point which the wagon has reached & confirms its date of arrival.A major problem, however, is that containers be delivered to the consignees door, and 40' containers cannot be used to most destinations.
Containers In addition to the movement of bulk commodities & wheeled cargo (RO/RO vessels), containers have become the standard means of transporting cargo for most of the world. Their ability to carry goods from door to door, their intermodal capability, & the fact that vessels can carry much more cargo than with conventional vessels, has seen to that. Also, because of the standardisation involved, timetables can be established & maintained The main trade routes of the world, based upon South East Asia, North America & Western Europe, are served by gigantic containerships, either operating point to point or round the world service. As the ships have increased in size, so the number of ports enjoying a direct call by such vessels has decreased & feeder services have proliferated.
Russia, in common with many, many, countries, now relies on the feeder services. Thus, the Russian Far East ports, such as Vladivostock, Vostochny & Nakhodka, depend on feeder services from Busan & Hong Kong. Equally, the Black Sea ports rely on transhipment, mainly in Piraeus, whilst the Baltic Sea ports rely on services from Felixstowe in the UK & Rotterdam. These services also act as major carriers from the originating country, thus a service from Felixstowe will also be a major carrier of UK/Russian cargo Because of the problems, especially in St. Petersburg, even these feeder services will need to go via non-Russian ports on occasions, such as Riga, Kotka, etc. Additionally, feeder services are also run by block trains from Rotterdam/Antwerp. Containers will be delivered to their final destination, often 1000's of km away, based upon the requirements of speed, cost & accessibility.
Trucks/Trailers Trucks are an ideal mode of transportation for carrying goods overland, or where a short-sea crossing is involved, because they are faster, more secure & more flexible. For these reasons, trucks are especially used for groupage/consolidation cargoes. Trucks, also come in different sizes, (up to 100+ cubic metre), & can carry out-of-gauge & heavy pieces. They are also more easily accessed for loading/discharge.From Western Europe, truck movements start to become unviable once they reach Ekateringburg, Volgograd as a guide Often, there is a need for a combination of modes occurs. My company, for instance, handles large movements of urgently required cargo into the Ukraine & the Rostov Na Don area. Shipment is by container into a Baltic port, but on-carriage goes by road covered by a TIR carnet (ensuring trouble-free border crossing) & CMR insurance cover.This way, a cargo can transit from Birmingham to Rostov Na Don in 14 days.
Seahunt Limited, operates a coordinated series of transportation & logistical services in Russia, Eastern Europe & Central Asia, together with a project cargo capability. We have a collection service which covers the whole of the U, & excellent facilities at the destinations which we serve, provided by our partners.
Russia Into Russia, globalintermodal operates truck-based groupage service twice per week to Moscow & St Petersburg, together with our partners, provide excellent on-carriage & customs clearance facilities. We combine cargoes from suppliers, offer a confidential documentation service & invoice many of our customers in Russia directly, thereby enabling them to know exactly what their freight costs are & benefit from consolidation. We also operate full- load trailers into Russia, of various types & capacities. Transit is via Finland ports or overland. On the container front, we handle an ever-increasing number of containers, on routes via St Petersburg, via Finland, Poland & the Baltic States. On-carriage is arranged by road or rail, depending upon the cost/speed equation. When rail movement is called for, we receive daily reports, advising the exact whereabouts of the containers. For an increasing number of destinations, we can offer 40' containers. In thenear future, we are expecting to increase our penetration of the Russian Far East & Black Sea destinations.
Project cargos re regard a project as being something with a specific beginning & end, as opposed to continous or one-off supplies. Examples of the projects which we have handled over the years, are oil, gas & mining plant, conveyor & assembly lines, refineries, power stations, factories etc. These require co-ordinated deliveries, an expert knowledge of routings, overweight & out-of-gauge transport, whilst being able to conduct feasibility studies & expert supervision. Only a specialised company can handle such movements & the senior staff of Seahunt Limited have over 20 years experience in the handling of such cargoes. The demand for project shipping in Russia is growing rapidly at the moment.
Other services To non-Russian destinations, we operate direct, fast & timetabled groupage/part-load & full-load departures to Poland, Ukraine, Belorussia, the Baltic states & the Czech & Slovak republics In addition to our transportation services, we offer information, advice, links, a contact service, news etc. details of which are available from our website http://www.seahunt.co.uk/.
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